Charles ingersoll



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1;

0. INGERSOLL. OIL BURNER.

No. 503,970; Patented Aug. 29, 1893.

WITNESSES: lNVNiO/f L 12511 E 591], v $.Fr-

2' Sheets-Sheet 2'.

I (N BaeL OIL BURNER.

. Patented Aug." 29, 1893.

nvvEA/roe 'w/r /EssAEs shown most plainly in Fig. 2. It is provided-UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES INGER SOLL, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

OIL-BURN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,970, dated August29, 1893.

Application filed April 4, 1892. Serial No. 427,684. (No model.)

following is a specification.

The object of my said invention is to convert 011 into fuel gas by theaction of the products of combustion of such gas itself, which saldproducts of combustion shall also be util 1zed at the same time fortheir other and ordinary purposes. Said invention will be first fullydescribed and then pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof,and on which slmilar letters of reference indicate similar parts, Figure1 is a perspective View of a cooking stove wherein one of my improvedburners is employed, a portion of said cooklng stove being broken awayto show said burner in place; Fig. 2 a central sectional v 1ew of theburner separately, on the dotted l1 ne 2 2 in Fig.3; Fig. 3 a horizontalsectional view looking downwardly from the dotted line 3 3 in Fig. 2,and Fig. 4 a detail sectional view of one of the hollow standardsforming part of the burner, on the dotted line 4 4 in Fig. 3.

In said drawings the portions marked A represent the tank or othersource of fuel supply; B a pipe leading therefrom; O a plate forming thebase or lower portion of the burner; D the upper portion thereof, and Ehollow standards. The tank A and pipe B are, of course, of any desiredform or arrangement. Said pipe extends in below the base of the burner,and up through it centrally, and unites with its upper part D, as

with the usual valves or cocks a b for cutting off and regulating thesupply of oil, as will be readily understood. The plate 0 may be eitherformed integrally with the lower portion of the burner as shown, orseparately if desired. It occupies the place in the stove Where thegrate bars are usually situated, or just above said grate bars, and isintended to form a complete division of the combustion chamber at thatpoint, or, perhaps more correctly speaking, divide the front spacebetween what is usually the combustion chamber and that portion belowwhich, with common fuel, forms the ash pit. It has a central opening forthe purposes of the burner, as will be presently explained.

Mounted upon or extended upwardly from the plate 0 are the flanges U andC The flange O is a plain annular flange, and incloses a space or cavitywhich is utilized in starting the burner, as will be epresentlyexplained. The flange 0 extends upwardly some distance, usually slightlyhigher than the flange C, and it maybe either left ontirely open or havea thin plate at the top through which a number of holes are made, asshown in the drawings. I have made them both ways. Through its open.center, or through the holes therein, when the formation is as shown inthe drawings, the air passes which forms the draft necessary for theproper operation of the burner. The upper portion D is cup-shaped, andis connected centrally with the supply pipe 15. It has a cap D whichcovers and incloses the cupshaped space, which is the oil and gaschamber, making the same air-tight. The central portion of this chamber,where the pipe D connects therewith, is lower than the peripheralportion, where the hollow standards E enter, and therefore it is adaptedto contain a considerable quantity of oil before it will overflow intosaid standards. A portion of the chamber is above the upper ends of thehollow standards, and therefore there is always as pace for gas abovethe upper level of the oil which may be therein.

The hollow standards E are preferably ordinary pieces of gas pipe closedat the bottom and opening at their upper ends into the chamber in theupper portion of the burner.

The operation is as follows :The parts being assembled in place as shownin Fig. 1, the oil is turned on, and forced through the pipe B into thechamber in the top D, and when it reaches the indicated level, itoverflows into the hollow standards E. These, when they are filled up tothe level of the orifices 6, overflow into the space or cavity betweenthe flanges O and 0 When a small quantity of oil, suflicient for thepurpose, has been thus deposited in this cavity, it is ignited, usuallyby applying a small asb'estus torch or some inflammable device, and thisoil, when ignited, will burn, and heat the burner. When said burner hasreached a sufiicient degree of heat, it will convert the oil thereininto gas, and the flow through the hollow standards and their orifices 6will thenceforward be gas, instead of oil. The supply is regulated, ofcourse,by the valves a b, or one of them. \Vhen this point is reached,and the proper adjustment of the flow is also effected, the burner willautomatically generate gas in the method indicated, and its operation isthenceforward continuous until the supply is shut off. Naturally, theupper ends of the hollow standards will not be on an exact level, and,therefore, if there is a greater supply of oil than can be convertedinto gas, the excess of oil will flow down only the one of the standardsthe top of which is lowest, and thus gas will still issue from theorifices in the others, while oil will issue from the orifice in the onementioned, and flow into the cavity between the flanges C and (J whereit will be consumed similarly to the supply there deposited at thebeginning of the operation, as above described.

As above stated, I prefer that the angle of inclination of the orificesetoward each other shall be substantially that indicated in Fig. 3. Thisis so that the flame from the two orifices of each pair of hollowstandards shall impinge at the pointindicated, and thence turn upwardand outward toward the ends of the combustion chamber of the stove,instead of toward the sides, which is obviously, in the character ofburner showmaconsiderable advantage, as thus the burner is situatedcentrally, while the flame extends out toward the ends of saidcombustion chamber beneath the holes in the top of the stove, where itis needed in operation. In arranging burners for different kinds ofWork, as for heating-stoves, and steam purposes, the angle ofinclination of these orifices may require to be changed in order toproduce the best results. It is a perfectly simple matter to turn thestandards slightly, and thus the direction of their inclination will becorrespondingly changed. It is highly important, however, that the anglebe such that it will direct the discharge of gas to below the upperportion of the burner, in which is the oil and gas chamber, and thusproduce an intense heat below said portion. Otherwise the generation ofgas from the oil would not be perfect, and imperfect combustion resultsin waste and smoke. The jets of ignited gas impinging on each other andcentering under the chamber in the burner c011- taining the oil, producea very hot flame, and also a considerable draft through the air holesbelow, which draft in turn drives the products of combustion withconsiderable force against the bottom of the upper portion of theburner. I have found by practical test that a burner of my improvedconstruction, as herein described, will give substantially perfectcombustion, leaving no residuum 1n the chamber, and producing no smell.I may say in this connection, that I prefer to use in this burner whatis known as distilled oil, but, of course, I do not confine myself toany special grade. The draft, as above indicated, is occasioned by theupward flow of the air through the space, or air holes, surrounding thepipe B in the bottom of the burner. In some cases where my burner isemployed, especially in steam plants, this draft may not be suflicient,and therefore should be alded artificially. This I may do by extendingin a small steam nozzle, S, as shown in Fig. 2. As will be readilyunderstood, the escape of steam will create an artificial draft,proportioned to the force of its discharge, and which may beconveniently regulated by ordinary and well known means.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A burner consisting of a hollow top constituting an oil and gaschamber, an oil ingress pipe entering the same at a lower level, hollowpipes or standards communicating therewith at a higher level andextending downwardly, and orifices at a lower level in said pipes orstandards, the oil in the chamber being thus generated into gas by theaction of the products of combustion of said gas itself, which impingesupon and heats said burner, said burner being mounted upon a plate orbase which forms one side of an inclosure, and the openings into whichinclosure are through said plate or base directly under said burner,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a burner, of a hollow or chambered upper portion,hollow pipes or standards entering the same at a point intermediate thetop and bottom of the chamber, an oil ingress pipe entering the same,centrally and from directly underneath, its upper end terminating at thelowest point of said chamber, and adapted to fill the lower portion ofthe chamber below the tops of said hollow standards or pipes with oil,said standards or pipes being provided with orifices through which saidoil or the gas generated therefrom may emerge and be ignited,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a plate 0 having an annular groove or depressiontherein, hollow standards E the bottoms of which rest in saiddepression, which standards are provided with orifices e, a hollow topconsisting of the hand and seal, at Indianapolis, Indiana, this parts Dand D said partD being cup-shaped 29th day of March, A. D. 1892.

in its center, and a fuel ingress pi e B com- I i municating with saidhollow top, sa iil several CHARLED INGERbOLL' 5 parts being arranged andoperating substan- Witnessesi tially as shown and described. CHESTERBRADFORD,

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my J. A. WALSH.

